Formulations of vancomycin

ABSTRACT

Liquid vancomycin containing compositions having extended shelf life are disclosed. The compositions contain vancomycin or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a polyol such as glycerol, and lactic acid or a lactate. The compositions are ready to use and easily transferred into larger parenteral solutions prior to administration to patients in need thereof.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.16/512,654, filed Jul. 16, 2019, which is a continuation of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 15/405,884, filed Jan. 13, 2017, now U.S. Pat. No.10,376,559, which in turn claims the benefit of priority from U.S.Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/279,210, filed Jan. 15, 2016, thecontents of each of which are incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic represented by the followingstructural formula (I):

Vancomycin is used in the prophylaxis and treatment of infections causedby Gram-positive bacteria. Vancomycin is used in the treatment ofmethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) andMethicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), and to treatpatients who are penicillin-resistant. Vancomycin HCl is commerciallyavailable inter cilia, as a frozen premixed formulation, which can beused for intravenous administration after thawing.

Vancomycin exhibits premature degradation after reconstitution of thelyophilized product. Vancomycin is stable in water for approximately 24hours after reconstitution, and is therefore, not suitable for long-termstorage in liquid form. There is a need for vancomycin formulations withincreased stability. One solution to this to addresses this need isdescribed in US Patent Application Publication No. 2016/0101147, thecontents of which are incorporated herein by reference. This patentapplication discloses vancomycin formulations containing propyleneglycol and/or polyethylene glycol. However, further innovations havebeen sought for certain patient populations, such as children or renallyimpaired patients where it may be advantageous to avoid propylene glycoland or PEG in intravenous products. Therefore, there is a continued needfor new liquid vancomycin formulations with sufficient stability thatcan be delivered to patients.

It is generally known that vancomycin has a tendency to increasesubstantially in viscosity, for example to gel, at higherconcentrations. It has also been disclosed that alcohols may be used forthe reduction of this formation as noted in U.S. Pat. No. 4,885,275.However, glycerol (aka glycerine) did not prevent the formation of thisgelation (see Table 1 therein, which noted that glycerine did notprevent the gelation of the vancomycin preparation). The '275 patenttherefore teaches away from the use of glycerol in vancomycincompositions requiring lower viscosity.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The inventors have surprisingly found that glycerol can be used withcompositions comprising higher concentrations of vancomycin.Surprisingly, it has also been found that in the present invention,glycerol can be used in high concentrations of vancomycin compositions,providing a formulation of sufficiently low viscosity to be able to beadministered, e.g., as in an injection, as well as of sufficientstability to be commercially useful.

In some aspects of the invention, the liquid vancomycin-containingcompositions include a) vancomycin or a pharmaceutically acceptable saltthereof; b) a polyol such as glycerol, c) one of lactic acid, a lactatesalt or mixtures thereof; and optionally d) a pH adjustor, in an amountsufficient to maintain a pH of the vancomycin-containing composition atfrom about 4.5 to about 7.5, and in some aspects preferably at about 5.5or 6.5.

The inventive compositions can be deemed to be concentrated vancomycincompositions which are “ready to use” in the sense that they aresuitable for further dilution into a parenterally acceptable volumes ofnormal saline or the like and thereafter administered to a patient inneed thereof.

In some aspects of the invention, the amount of vancomycin included inthe compositions, as calculated on the basis of the free base, is fromabout 50 mg/mL to about 250 mg/mL, or from about 75 mg/mL to about 220mg/mL. In some embodiments, the vancomycin concentration is preferablyabout 100 mg/mL. Upon dilution in the final parenteral volume, i.e. 200ml, 500 ml, etc., IV bag, the amount of vancomycin as calculated on thebasis of free base included in the compositions is from about 2.5 mg/mLto about 15 mg/mL.

In some aspects of the invention, the compositions include from about15% (v/v) to about 50% glycerol. Some preferred aspects include about20%, 25% or 30% glycerol, with amounts of about 25% being more preferredwithin these embodiments. Compositions according to the invention alsoinclude from about 0.125 M to about 1 M lactic acid or a lactate salt.

Still further aspects of the invention include methods of treatmentusing vancomycin-containing compositions and kits including the same.

It has been surprisingly found that the gelling phenomena commonlyassociated with vancomycin when present in liquids at concentrations ofhigher than about 100 mg/ml is substantially avoided with the liquidcompositions described herein. Furthermore, the commonly observedincreases in viscosity of vancomycin solutions expected in the presenceof ever increasing concentrations of glycerin is also avoided as aresult of the formulations described herein. Moreover, theseformulations exhibit chemical and physical stability at commerciallyrelevant temperatures, i.e. at room temperature or under refrigeration,and over commercially relevant time frames, i.e. about 1 year or longer.

One of the advantages of the liquid compositions prepared according tothe current invention is that they have substantially improved long-termsolution stability. In some aspects, the inventive vancomycin-containingcompositions are substantially free of precipitation or crystalformation after at least about 12 months of storage at a temperature offrom about 5° C. to about 25° C. In further aspects of the invention,the inventive vancomycin-containing compositions also exhibit levels ofvancomycin B of at least about 88% of the original or starting content,as determined by high performance liquid chromatography (“HPLC”) at awavelength of 280 nm, after at least about 12 months of storage at atemperature of from about 5° C. to about 25° C.

As used herein, the vancomycin concentration is measured using theUnited States Pharmacopeia (USP) official monograph for vancomycin forinjection described in USP 36, the contents of which are incorporated byreference herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used hereinhave the same meaning as is commonly understood by one of ordinary skillin the art to which this invention belongs. In the event that there is aplurality of definitions for a term herein, those in this sectionprevail unless stated otherwise.

For purposes of the present invention, “substantially free ofprecipitation” shall be understood to include vancomycin-containingcompositions in which precipitation is not visually observed after aperiod of at least about 12 months at a temperature of from about 5° C.to about 25° C. “Substantially free of total impurities” shall beunderstood to include vancomycin-containing compositions which exhibitlevels of vancomycin B of at least about 88% of the original or startingcontent, as determined by HPLC at a wavelength of 280 nm, after at leastabout 12 months of storage at a temperature of from about 5° C. to about25° C. Still further aspects include liquid vancomycin compositionswhich exhibit levels of vancomycin B of at least about, as determined byhigh performance liquid chromatography (“HPLC”) at a wavelength of 280nm, after at least about 18 months of storage at room temperature, i.e.about 18-20° C. The amount of impurities is further calculated as beingbased upon the original amount vancomycin B (or salt thereof) beingpresent in the composition or formulation. In accordance with the USPofficial monograph for vancomycin, the concentration of vancomycin isdetermined by measuring the amount of vancomycin B by HPLC at awavelength of 280 nm. For the detailed procedure used to calculatevancomycin B, refer to the USP monograph for vancomycin. In someexamples, a normalized loss of vancomycin B may be calculated bydividing the concentration of vancomycin B at the testing point by theinitial concentration of vancomycin B, and then multiplying by 100.

For purposes of the present invention, the polyol shall be understood toinclude pharmaceutically acceptable grades of glycerol (i.e. C3E1803),which is also called glycerine or glycerin. See also the current UnitedStates Pharmacopeia (USP) Glycerin monograph, the contents of which areincorporated herein by reference.

For purposes of the present invention, a “pharmaceutically acceptablefluid” is a fluid which is suitable for pharmaceutical use, for examplebut not limited to solvents, vehicles, large volume parenteral solutions(LVPs) such as water, water for injection (WFI), normal saline (i.e.,0.9% sodium chloride) or 5% dextrose in water (“D5W”), and/or additionaldiluents, or mixtures thereof, if desired, etc.

For purposes of the present invention, the term “about” shall beunderstood herein to mean less than or equal to a 5-10% deviation fromthe recited value, for example, a concentration of about 20% (v/v) meansa concentration of 20%±5 or 10%.

The inventive compositions are substantially free of visibleprecipitation after at least about 12 months of storage at a temperatureof from about 5° C. to about 25° C. Without being bound by theory, it isbelieved that the surprising long-term stability of solutions preparedaccording to the present invention arises at least in part from theinteraction between lactic acid (or the lactate molecule used in certainembodiments), the glycerol, and the vancomycin.

In some aspects of the invention, the vancomycin is preferably presentin the formulation as an HCl salt.

In some aspects of the invention, the vancomycin concentrationcalculated on the basis of the free base in the inventive compositionsis from about 75 mg/mL to about 220 mg/mL, preferably about 100 mg/mL.In alternative aspects, the vancomycin concentration is about 200 mg/mLor otherwise in amounts which are sufficient for dilution into single ormultiple administrations of dosages generally regarded as effectiveamounts.

The compositions of the present invention can be maintained at a pH offrom about 4.5 to about 7.5. In some preferred embodiments, thecomposition is maintained at a pH of from about 5.5 to about 6.5. In atleast one embodiment, the pH is about 5.5 while in another it is about6.5.

In some embodiments of the invention, an optional pH adjustor isincluded in the vancomycin-containing compositions. The pH adjustor maytake the form of one or more basic compounds or conjugates of acidspresent in an amount sufficient to adjust or maintain the pH of thecomposition to the range set forth above, i.e., from about 4.5 to about7.5, or to specific points in between such as about 5.5 or about 6.5.One preferred base is sodium hydroxide. Alternative bases are thosecommonly used in the art, including TRIS or other amine buffers, sodiumhydroxide and calcium hydroxide. In some aspects the concentration ofthe base to be used is about 1N or about 2N.

In some aspects of the invention, a lactate salt may be used inconjunction with or in place of lactic acid. In these embodiments, theoptional pH adjustor may take the form of one or more acids or conjugatebases present in sufficient quantity to adjust the pH of thecompositions to the ranges set forth above or to maintain the pH withinthese ranges, i.e., from about 4.5 to about 7.5. Alternative acids arethose commonly used in the art, including but not limited to aceticacid, citric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid and malic acid.

In some aspects of the invention where the concentration of vancomycinis in the range 50 to 250 mg/mL and the level of glycerol is between 15and 50% v/v, the overall lactate concentration is set at an appropriatelevel to obtain a stabilizing effect. This level is preferably fromabout 0.25M to about 1.0M, more preferably from about 0.5M to about0.75M. The level of lactate can derive from any enantiomeric form ormixture of enantiomeric forms of lactic acid or its salts such as D, Lor preferably DL. The salt forms used can include but not be limited tosodium, calcium and magnesium. Before addition of the glycerol the pH isadjusted, e.g., within the range 4.5 to 6.5, by addition of appropriatebases or acids, such as sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid solutions.After addition of the glycerol the formula is made up to volume withWFI. A summary of the formulae is given below:

Volume Molar Weight Concentration Concentration Concentration IngredientRange % v/v Range M Range Mg/mL Vancomycin HCl NA 0.034 to 0.168 50 to250 Glycerol 15 to 50 3.42 to 6.84 189 to 630  Lactic Acid NA 0.25 to1.00 22.5 to 90.0  Sodium Lactate NA 0.25 to 1.00 28.3 to 113.0 CalciumLactate NA 0.125 to 0.5  27.3 to 109.0 Magnesium NA 0.125 to 0.5  25.3to 202.0 Lactate pH 4.5 to 7.5 Note: Vancomycin concentrations expressedas pure free base, all other ingredients are anhydrous

In an alternative aspect, the resulting final concentration of thelactic acid, lactate or mixtures thereof in the vancomycin-containingcompositions of the present invention is preferably from about 0.25mmole to about 0.94 mmole of lactic acid, lactate or mixtures thereofper mL of total vancomycin concentrate solution. This can be restated asabout 22 to about 85 mg lactic acid per mL of total vancomycinconcentrate solution. In some aspects, the final concentration of thelactic acid or lactate in the vancomycin-containing compositions of thepresent invention is about 0.75 mmole per mL of total vancomycinconcentrate, alternatively stated as 0.75M, or about 67 mg lactic acidper mL of total vancomycin concentrate solution.

In some aspects of the invention, an antioxidant or free radicalscavenging agent, e.g., methionine, is further included in thevancomycin-containing compositions. Other pharmaceutically-suitableantioxidants or free radical scavengers known in the art may be used,e.g., citric acid, ascorbic acid, sodium bisuifite, p-amino benzoicacid, glutathione, cysteine, methionine and N-acetyl cysteine.

Another embodiment of the invention includes methods of preparing thevancomycin-containing compositions described herein. The methods includecombining bulk vancomycin in lyophilized or crystalline form withaqueous lactic acid or lactate solution, adjusting the pH to the desiredrange if needed, and thereafter combining it with the glycerol, so thatthe final concentration of the vancomycin is from about 75 mg/mL toabout 220 mg/mL, preferably about 100 mg/mL. An optional pH adjustor(i.e., an acid or base or combination thereof) may also be includedtherein, in an amount sufficient to maintain the pH of the compositionwithin the range disclosed above. Alternatively, one can also dissolvevancomycin a mixture of glycerol/lactic acid solution. The steps arepreferably carried out under pharmaceutically acceptable conditions,e.g., for sterility assurance for eventual administration intravenouslyto a patient.

Alternatively the solutions can be made by simple addition, knowing thefinal amounts of each excipient desired in the formulation. For example,an appropriate percentage of the water can be taken, to which thedesired amount of lactic acid is added and mixed. This mixture can beadjusted to pH. The desired amount of glycerol may be added and mixedinto this solution. The vancomycin may then be added and dissolved intothe mixture, the pH may then be adjusted, and the volume may be made upto the desired total with water. Then, the bulk solution may then befurther processed as is appropriate for the intended use of thesolution.

The compositions of the present invention may be packaged in anycontainer suitable for the mode of use, such as in a sterile vial,infusion bag or container fit for the sterile or non-sterile storage ofa pharmaceutical such as vancomycin. Suitable containers can be of asize sufficient to hold one or more doses of vancomycin. Within thisaspect, from about 2 mL to about 200 mL of the inventive compositionsare packaged as a single dose or a multi-dose product. Preferably, fromabout 5 mL to about 100 mL. Alternatively, sterile vial containers, forexample, can contain about 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 20, 50 or 100 mL. In someaspects of the invention, the vancomycin concentration in the containersis from about 75 mg/mL to about 220 mg/mL. Preferably, the vancomycinconcentration about 100 mg/mL and in alternative compositions it is upto about 200 mg/mL.

In other aspects, the containers include from 1 to about 25 doses, withdoses generally being in the range of about 15 to 20 mg/kg IV every 8 to12 hours for adults, for example. Preferably, the containers includefrom about 4 to about 20 doses, or from about 10 to about 20 doses.Stated alternatively, the sterile vials will contain from about 500 mgto up to about 10 grams of vancomycin. In some aspects, thevancomycin-containing compositions of the present invention will bepackaged in a vial. Typical Type 1 glass vials are consideredappropriate for injection or infusion vials. In other aspects, thecompositions of the present invention will be packaged in an alternativepackage appropriate for the delivery of that composition.

A further aspect of the invention includes a kit containing thevancomycin-containing compositions described herein. As will beappreciated by those of ordinary skill, the kit will contain at leastone pharmaceutically acceptable vial or container containing one or moredoses of the vancomycin-containing compositions as well as otherpharmaceutically necessary materials for storing and/or administeringthe drug, including instructions for storage and use, infusion bag orcontainer with normal saline (i.e., 0.9% sodium chloride) or 5% dextrosein water (D₅W), and/or additional diluents, and mixtures thereof, ifdesired, etc.

In some embodiments, other excipients can also be added to adjustvarious properties of the formulation. For example, one or moreantioxidants or free radical scavenging agents can be added to assist inimproving the qualities of the product. An example antioxidant ismethionine, which can be added in a range of from about 0.25 mg to about10 mg/mL, or more preferably in some embodiments at a concentration ofabout 4 mg to about 6 mg/mL.

In some aspects of the invention, the inventive compositions aremaintained during storage and/or prior to use at a temperature of fromabout 2° C. to about 10° C., i.e., under refrigerated conditions whilein other aspects, the vancomycin compositions can be kept for extendedperiods at about room temperature.

Another embodiment of the invention includes methods of treating avancomycin-sensitive disease in mammals, i.e., a bacterial infection.The methods include administering, to a mammal in need thereof, aneffective amount of a vancomycin-containing composition describedherein. Since the active ingredient portion of the inventivecompositions is an FDA-approved drug, those of ordinary skill willrecognize that the doses of vancomycin employed in this aspect of theinvention will be the similar to those employed in any treatmentregimens designed for vancomycin as marketed. The patient packageinserts containing dosing information is incorporated herein byreference. The methods of treatment also include administering theinventive formulations for any purpose or physical condition for whichvancomycin has been indicated as being useful. The daily intravenousdose is from about 1 g to about 2 g, administered as about 250 mg toabout 500 mg every 3 to 6 hours or as about 1 g every 12 hours.Alternative dosing is from about 15 to 20 mg/kg IV every 8 to 12 hours.Alternative dosing in other modes of delivery is within the level ofskill for the artisan administering the drug.

EXAMPLES

The following examples serve to provide further appreciation of theinvention but are not meant in any way to restrict the effective scopeof the invention.

Examples 1-3 100 mg/mL Vancomycin Example 1 (75% (v/v) 1M Lactic AcidSolution and 25% (v/v) Glycerol)

A 1M lactic acid solution was prepared by dissolving 102.36 g of an 88%lactic acid solution in 1000 mL water for injection. The pH was thenadjusted to 5.5 with a 2N sodium hydroxide solution. A 75:25 lacticacid:glycerol solution was prepared by combining 75 mL of this lacticacid solution with 25 mL of glycerol, and making up the volume to 100 mLwith water for injection. 10 g of vancomycin HCl was then added to 75 mlof the 75:25 lactic acid:glycerol solution and the volume was made up to100 mL with the 75:25 lactic acid:glycerol solution to yield avancomycin concentration of 100 mg/mL. The sample was mixed well. 2Nsodium hydroxide solution was added to the sample to bring the pH to5.5.

Example 2 (80% (v/v) 1M Lactic Acid Solution and 20% (v/v) Glycerol)

An 80:20 lactic acid:glycerol solution was prepared by adding 20 mL ofglycerol to 80 mL of the 1 M lactic acid solution prepared as describedin Example 1, and the volume was made up to 100 mL with water forinjection. 10 g of vancomycin HCl was then added to 75 mL of the 80:20lactic acid:glycerol solution and the volume was made up to 100 mL withthe 80:20 lactic acid: glycerol solution to yield a vancomycinconcentration of 100 mg/mL. The sample was mixed well. 2N sodiumhydroxide solution was added to the sample to bring the pH to 5.5.

Example 3 (85% (v/v) 1M lactic Acid Solution and 15% (v/v) Glycerol)

An 85:15 lactic acid:glycerol solution was prepared by adding 15 mL ofglycerol to 85 mL of the 1M lactic acid solution prepared as describedin Example 1, and the volume was made up to 100 mL with water forinjection. 10 g of vancomycin HCl was then added to 85mL of the 85:15lactic acid:glycerol solution and the volume was made up to 100 mL withthe 85:15 lactic acid: glycerol solution to yield a vancomycinconcentration of 100 mg/mL. The sample was mixed well. 2N sodiumhydroxide solution was added to the sample to bring the pH to 5.5.

Control

A lactic acid solution was prepared by dissolving 10.24 g of an 88%lactic acid solution in 40 mL water for injection. The pH was thenadjusted to 5.5 with a 2N sodium hydroxide solution. The volume was madeup to 100 mL with water for injection. 10 g of vancomycin HCl was thenadded to the lactic acid solution to yield a vancomycin concentration of100 mg/mL. The sample was mixed well. 2N sodium hydroxide solution wasadded to the sample to bring the pH to 5.5.

Each of the above compositions had samples aliquoted into vials, weresealed, were stored at 25° C. and were analyzed for visibly observableprecipitation as reported in Table 1 below.

TABLE 1 Physical Stability of Vancomycin Solutions (100 mg/mL) atVarious Levels of Glycerol, using Lactic Acid at 67.5 mg/mL adjusted topH 5.5 Glycerol Time to Concentration, precipitation Example % v/v(mg/mL) at 25° C. 1 25% (315) no precipitation for at least ~6 months 220% (252) no precipitation for at least ~6 months 3 19.8% (250) noprecipitation for at least ~6 months 4 17.8% (225) no precipitation forat least ~6 months 5 15.8% (200) no precipitation for at least ~6 months6 15% (189) N/A (Not followed at 25° C.) 7 10% (126) precipitationwithin days of preparation. CONTROL 0% (0) precipitation within days ofpreparation. N/A - Not available

As shown in Table 1, the samples from Examples 1-6 including thecombinations of lactic acid solution and glycerol demonstrate excellentstability. In contrast, the 10% v/v glycerol/lactic acid solution samplecorresponding to Example 7 and the Control did not demonstrate physicalstability. These samples exhibited precipitation shortly afterpreparation.

The chemical stability of these formulations further presented in thetable below. In general, in pharmaceutical operations, stability at 3 moat 40 C is representative of at least 12 month stability at 25° C.

TABLE 2 Chemical Stability of Vancomycin Solutions (100 mg/mL) atVarious Levels of Glycerol, using Lactic Acid at 67.5 mg/mL adjusted topH 5.5 Glycerol, % degradants % v/v Temp/ % of % Deg Deg Σ % (mg/mL)period VCM B Initial 1 2 UK Total  15% Initial 96.6 100 0.41 1.68 1.263.35 (189) (Ex. 6) 40° C. - 2 M 90.7 93.9 1.85 4.85 2.65 9.35 15.8%Initial 96.7 100 0.37 1.16 1.20 2.73 (200) (Ex. 5) 40° C. - 3 M 90.693.6 1.50 1.63 6.29 9.42 25° C. - 6 M 94.5 97.6 0.92 1.21 3.42 5.5517.8% Initial 96.7 100 0.48 1.34 1.39 3.21 (225) (Ex. 4) 40° C. - 3 M90.1 93.1 1.50 1.62 6.83 9.95 25° C. - 6 M 94.6 97.7 0.91 1.25 3.20 5.3619.8% Initial 96.8 100 0.45 1.30 1.48 3.23 (250) Ex. 3) 40° C. - 3 M90.0 93.0 1.55 1.62 6.88 10.05 25° C. - 6 M 94.5 97.6 0.83 1.27 3.946.04  20% Initial 96.2 100 0.28 1.66 1.82 3.76 (252) (Ex. 2) 40° C. - 3M 89.4 92.9 1.81 4.33 4.46 10.6 25° C. - 6 M 93.6 97.3 0.72 1.51 4.716.40  5° C. - 6 M 95.6 99.4 0.96 0.96 3.23 4.36  25% Initial 96.2 1000.28 1.66 1.82 3.76 (315) (Ex 1.) 40° C. - 3 M 90.2 93.8 2.03 4.31 3.479.81 25° C. - 6 M 95.5 99.3 0.86 1.43 2.26 4.55  5° C. - 6 M 96.0 99.80.20 0.91 2.93 4.04 N.B.: VCM B = Vancomycin B

As can be seen from the above, all of the compositions containing 15% orgreater glycerol demonstrated long term stability under acceleratedconditions sufficient to meet the desired endpoints of time and levelsof vancomycin B.

Examples 8-15

Further examples of the inventive formulations were also preparedfollowing the procedures of Examples 2-6.

Vancomycin Lactic Acid Glycerol Example mg/mL mg/mL % (v/v) pH 8 10067.56 25 4.5 9 100 67.56 25 5.5 10 100 67.56 25 6.5 11 100 45.04 25 5.512 100 90.08 25 5.5 13 100 67.56 20 5.5 14 100 67.56 30 5.5 15 200 67.5625 5.5

Example 16

As demonstrated in the table below, this combination of ingredientsmaintains a low viscosity even in the presence of glycerol and higherconcentrations of vancomycin.

Vancomycin Concentration, Viscosity, Formulation mg/mL cPs, 25° C.Glycerol: 315 mg/mL, 0 2.85 Lactic Acid: 67.5 mg/mL 100 5.34 Water forInjection: 200 10.31 qs to 1 mL pH 5.5

1-14. (canceled)
 15. A liquid vancomycin-containing composition,comprising of from about 50 mg/mL to about 250 mg/mL of vancomycin or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, glycerol, a member of thegroup consisting of lactic acid, lactate or mixtures thereof, a base anda pharmaceutically acceptable fluid containing water, saidvancomycin-containing composition having a pH of from about 4.5 to about6.5 and being suitable for parenteral administration, wherein the amountof glycerol is from about 15 to about 30% (v/v).
 16. The liquidvancomycin-containing composition of claim 15, wherein the concentrationof the vancomycin or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is about100 mg/mL.
 17. The liquid vancomycin-containing composition of claim 15,wherein the amount of glycerol is about 25% (v/v).
 18. Thevancomycin-containing composition of claim 15, wherein the base isselected from the group consisting of an amine buffer, sodium hydroxide,calcium hydroxide, and mixtures thereof
 19. The vancomycin-containingcomposition of claim 18, wherein the base is sodium hydroxide.
 20. Theliquid vancomycin-containing composition of claim 15, wherein the amountof lactic acid in the composition is from about 0.25 M to about 1.0 M.21. A liquid vancomycin-containing composition, consisting of about 75mg/mL to about 220 mg/mL vancomycin or a pharmaceutically acceptablesalt thereof; about 15% (v/v) to about 30% (v/v) glycerol, a stabilizingamount of a member of the group consisting of lactic acid, lactate ormixtures thereof, a base and water, wherein the liquid vancomycincontaining composition has a pH of from about 4.5 to about 6.5 and issuitable for intravenous administration.
 22. The liquidvancomycin-containing composition of claim 21, wherein the amount ofglycerol is 25% (v/v).
 23. A method of treating a bacterial infection inmammals, comprising administering an effective amount of thevancomycin-containing composition of claim 15 to a mammal in needthereof.
 24. A method of treating a bacterial infection in mammals,comprising administering an effective amount of thevancomycin-containing composition of claim 21 to a mammal in needthereof.
 25. A kit comprising at least one pharmaceutically acceptablevial or container containing one or more doses of avancomycin-containing composition according to claim 15, and optionallya) instructions for use thereof in mammals and/or b) an infusion bag orcontainer containing a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent.